Understanding Refugees Through the Lens of the Holy Family

Advent 2023–

It’s advent again, and there’s one important question that someone will ask me–that is if every other year is indicative of this one 🙂 “Were Jesus, Mary, and Joseph really refugees?” In a world grappling with unprecedented levels of migration and displacement, the question of whether the Holy Family were refugees holds significant relevance. The narrative of Jesus, Mary, and Joseph fleeing to Egypt, as described in the Gospel of Matthew, has been widely discussed and debated. Can we genuinely refer to them as refugees by today’s standards? I would argue that we can—both historical and biblical evidence support this claim, providing insights that connect with our contemporary challenges.

Setting the Stage for Discussion

The image of the Holy Family, central figures in Christianity, evokes thoughts of piety, humility, and divine providence. Yet, beyond the spiritual narrative lies a profoundly human story of fear, displacement, and survival. In Matthew 2:13-15, an angel warns Joseph to flee with Mary and the infant Jesus to Egypt to escape King Herod’s murderous decree. They departed their homeland in fear for their lives, embodying the classic modern-day definition of refugees. This shared experience of fear and displacement underscores the shared humanity between the Holy Family and modern refugees, fostering a sense of connection and empathy.

Defining a Refugee

A refugee is someone who has to leave their home country because of persecution, war, or violence. They’re looking for safety and protection somewhere else because they genuinely fear for their lives or freedom back home.

But it’s more than just escaping danger. Many refugees face threats to their entire identity because of political, religious, or social issues that violate their fundamental human rights. Understanding the complicated social and political reasons behind why people are forced to migrate is essential.

From a religious perspective, refugees reflect the deep-rooted values of seeking sanctuary. This resonates with themes of divine protection and the inherent dignity that everyone should have. On a social justice level, supporting refugees highlights the need to tackle systemic inequalities and pursue fairness. It reminds us of the urgent need to approach those who have lost so much with compassion and solidarity as they seek safety and a sense of belonging, fostering a sense of urgency in addressing the refugee crisis.

Counter Arguments and Contextual Analysis

Critics often dismiss the Holy Family’s flight, claiming it doesn’t fit our modern definitions of refugees. They argue that since formal borders and refugee statuses didn’t exist in Herod’s time, the account is more symbolic than literal. But the historical context tells a different story. The Roman Empire had tight control over regions like Judea, creating turmoil and forcing migrations amid political unrest.

Priest James Martin, S.J., in his compelling article “Jesus Was a Refugee,” counters this perspective. He points out that even without official refugee status, the essence of the Holy Family’s escape mirrors countless refugee experiences today. He highlights the Greek word “pheuge,” meaning “to flee,” in the Gospel. This choice of language reinforces their plight—seeking refuge from persecution—despite the absence of modern bureaucratic frameworks. The striking parallels challenge us to rethink what it means to be a refugee.

Historical Context and Socio-political Climate

Understanding the socio-political climate of the time is crucial. The Roman Empire was volatile, with uprisings like the Jewish Revolt highlighting the region’s instability. Such unrest often led to displacement, similar to the Holy Family’s situation. This historical context adds depth and complexity to the issue of refugees, making it more than just a contemporary problem, but a recurring human experience.

The occurrence of events that mirrored the plight of the Holy Family was not uncommon in the Roman Empire, a vast and varied dominion stretching across continents and cultures. In its grandeur, the empire was a tapestry of majestic achievements, yet its fabric was marred by the harsh realities of conquests and stratification. The centralization of power often led to localized suppression, and the whims of powerful rulers were enough to cause innumerable lives to be uprooted. It was an age of transitions, where the peace of the Pax Romana could quickly pivot to turbulence, leaving families stranded amid imperial edicts and marching legions.

As we reflect on these moments of turmoil, it becomes evident how the enduring strength of the human spirit forged paths of hope in the darkest of circumstances, much like the spiritual journey the Holy Family embarked upon. Through such historical lenses, we glimpse a compassionate understanding of the refugee experience, a universal testament to the resilience found in seeking refuge and the sanctity of human dignity.In recent times, refugee crises have gripped Europe, with millions seeking safety from war-torn regions. The struggle for sanctuary echoes the Biblical narrative, where survival necessitates crossing borders into foreign lands.

Biblical Evidence and Theological Insights

The Bible offers profound insights into the refugee narrative. Beyond the Flight into Egypt, Jesus’ teachings emphasize empathy and care for the marginalized. Matthew 25 underscores this when Jesus equates welcoming strangers with welcoming Him. Such teachings invite reflection on our responsibilities toward those in need, urging us to transcend legal definitions and act with compassion.

Amidst the tumultuous journey to Egypt, Mary would have been filled with a complex tapestry of emotions, each woven with threads of uncertainty, fear, and profound faith. As a mother, her heart must have been heavy with the apprehensions of ensuring safety and shelter for her child in a land unknown. Yet within this uncertainty, there lay a spiritual resoluteness; a belief in the divine plan that led her through each hardship with grace and courage. Her compassion for fellow travelers in adversity likely expanded, knowing well the vulnerability and strength entwined in the experience of seeking refuge. Through steadfast trust in God’s guidance, Mary’s journey became not just one of physical exile, but a spiritual pilgrimage that resonated deeply with the universal search for peace and refuge.

Modern Parallels and Current Challenges

Today’s refugee crises bear striking similarities to the Holy Family’s plight. Conflict, persecution, and economic hardship drive people to seek refuge across borders. The statistics are staggering—over 82 million people worldwide are forcibly displaced, according to the UNHCR. The need for empathy and action has never been greater.

In navigating this delicate balance, faith communities have an integral role to play. As institutions rooted in compassion and love, they can provide vital support to refugees while also raising awareness and advocating for better policies. The church is called by Jesus to have a voice! We are called to be a sanctuary to and for those in need. That’s why it’s important for faith communities around the world can serve as safe places for refugees and thereby amplify their voices.

A Call to Empathy, Understanding, and Assistance

In conclusion, recognizing Jesus, Mary, and Joseph as refugees invites us to rethink our perceptions of migration and displacement. Their story compels us to approach these issues with empathy and understanding, guided by spiritual teachings that transcend time. To those moved by this narrative, consider supporting organizations that aid refugees. Here are some trustworthy options… every little bit helps!

St. Paul’s in the Walls – Joel Nafuma Refugee Center: Situated in the heart of Rome, this center is a sanctuary for refugees, offering essential services such as meals, language classes, and job training. As an Episcopal Church, St. Paul’s in the Walls, is trustworthy, and whatever you give will foster a spirit of compassion and hospitality to those in dire need on the European Continent. Website

Episcopal Migration Ministries: This organization focuses on providing refugee resettlement services and advocacy within the United States. It partners with dioceses, congregations, and community organizations to offer hope and support to those seeking new beginnings. Website

Anglican Aid: This agency channels resources to support global development and relief projects, focused particularly on aiding communities affected by poverty and natural disasters. Through partnerships with local churches and humanitarian organizations, Anglican Aid extends compassion to vulnerable populations worldwide. Website